The Vatican, the headquarters of the Roman Catholic church, returned to the black last year after three years of losses as rising stock markets and property prices boosted its economy.
The Holy See, which has an all-male population of 921 and is headed by Pope Benedict XVI, made a total profit of 3.1 million euros in 2004 on estimated revenue of about 210 million euros, compared with a loss of 9.5 million euros in the previous year.
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(Note: Current Euro to Dollar exchange rate: 1.20 to 1.)